Environment and Global Warming Essay

An Earth-wide temperature boost has been a significant issue throughout the previous multi decade or so everywhere throughout the world. The atmosphere is changing and the temperatures on the earth surface are heating up because of increment in measure of green house gases (GHGs, for example, carbon dioxide radiated into the climate. An unnatural weather change is characterized as an expansion in the normal earth’s temperatures which as result prompts an adjustment in the general worldwide atmosphere. The effects of an Earth-wide temperature boost are very various and they incorporate biological system insecurity, an ascent in ocean level, increment in nuisances and illnesses, medical issues, loss of natural magnificence because of outrageous climate conditions, for example, floods, typhoons thus fourth (Abarbanel et al. , 2002, 22-23, 57-63). A worldwide temperature alteration has been seen as primarily brought about by human exercises coming about because of over dependence on petroleum products as a wellspring of vitality which increment the green house gases outflows into the environment. Exploration has additionally indicated another side of an Earth-wide temperature boost whereby, air contaminations transmitted by non-renewable energy sources are answerable for making mists to reflect more sun’s beams back to the space. This impact is known as worldwide darkening and it prompts less light arriving at the earth surface. This worldwide diminishing is liable for causing dry spells because of absence of downpour particularly in the Northern Hemisphere and it likewise covers the real impacts of an Earth-wide temperature boost prompting their underestimation (Abbot et al. , 2000, 159-176). The impacts of an unnatural weather change on the earth are perilous and costly and all the legislatures on the planet concur that something must be finished. In this regard, the unified countries have concocted a system show on environmental change which is liable for thinking of understandings, for example, the Kyoto convention among others. The Kyoto convention is a universal understanding passed by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate (UNFCCC) in 1994 which was planned for tending to an Earth-wide temperature boost and environmental change gives everywhere throughout the world. This understanding sets focuses for all the industrialized countries on the planet which they are relied upon to submit to so as to lessen the measure of green house gases discharged by those businesses situated in the particular countries. This convention is considered as the best understanding came to by individuals from the United Nations which will undoubtedly secure nature and guarantee manageable turn of events. How a national arrangement can assist with tending to a worldwide issue. National approaches have an extraordinary task to carry out in handling significant national and worldwide difficulties, for example, environmental change, globalization, economical vitality needs, etc. The answers for such issues require developments which can see past the difficult mindfulness and think of arrangements planned for decreasing their natural and monetary effects on a drawn out premise. Such issues as a rule require the usage of a national approach which will address the issue both broadly and universally. An arrangement is intended to guarantee that the issue is tended to from a main issue of view and that all the concerned gatherings are talking in one voice. A case of a worldwide issue which is as of now causing significant worries in the entire world is an unnatural weather change. In spite of the fact that its belongings are to a great extent felt in the industrialized nations, the general impacts of environmental change are apparent in all countries on the grounds that the contaminations radiated in one piece of the globe rapidly scatter to every single other piece of the globe (Hay 2002). With developing worry on this issue of a worldwide temperature alteration and carbon contamination, a national arrangement for reasonable advancement is basic to address this issue and think of rules and guidelines planned for controlling the discharge of carbon toxins and other green house gases into the environment. To adequately address the impacts of a dangerous atmospheric devation and atmosphere changes, all the world governments must concoct national natural arrangements, effective innovative methodologies and imagine new wellsprings of vitality which are cleaner and progressively reasonable. Dissimilar to basic natural approaches, for example, the ones set by the United Nations and other world associations, national strategies made by singular nations centered towards tending to a specific worldwide issue will undoubtedly be progressively powerful on the grounds that such measures will undoubtedly accomplish decreases which are in accordance with the national interests at the most minimal national costs conceivable. For example, to address the issue of an Earth-wide temperature boost, Australia has concocted a three-column national approach planned for lessening the measure of poisons discharged to the climate by its enterprises and therefore, the administration has needed to make some monetary changes which are great for its financial steadiness so as to suit this arrangement (Miller and Tyler, 1987, 19-23). Australia’s national arrangement in tending to an Earth-wide temperature boost Australia has been defenseless against atmosphere changes and extreme repercussions of issues related with inadequately planned arrangements planned for tending to this issue. An intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) discharged a report in 2007 showing that the Australia’s normal atmosphere is relied upon to change by around five degrees constantly 2070 because of the high pace of emanation of GHGs in the nation except if the administration finds a fast and enduring answer for this worldwide danger (Steger et al. , 2004, 33-46). Such a temperature change will undoubtedly influence the biological systems, vitality assets, populace wellbeing, agribusiness, the travel industry just as different areas of the nation’s economy. A portion of this impacts to individuals and biological systems are as of now being felt because of an expansion of around 0. 9 degrees in the yearly normal temperatures. This impacts provoked the legislature to encourage the Garnaut environmental change audit in June and confirmation of the Kyoto convention on third Dec 2007 as a method of showing the government’s promise to tending to the an Earth-wide temperature boost and environmental change everywhere throughout the world. By consenting to the Kyoto convention, the Australian government has communicated eagerness to take care of carbon decrease as a method of managing an unnatural weather change. The Garnaut audit concentrated on looking at the environmental change and its impact on the nation’s economy and has thought of arrangements and strategy systems planned for improving feasible turn of events. The draft report created after this survey introduced a point by point assessment of the environmental change and its suggestions on Australia as a solitary country. Following the Garnaut draft report demonstrating that the effects of a worldwide temperature alteration and environmental change in Australia are required to be more prominent than those accomplished in the other created nations, the legislature has chosen to think of an environmental change strategy to guarantee a more secure society, a progressively steady economy and less atmosphere changes later on. This strategy is centered around tending to three significant issues. That is; †¢ Reducing the measure of green house gases transmitted by enterprises in the nation. †¢ Adapting to those effects of atmosphere changes which can not be switched or changed. †¢ Contributing to the accomplishment of a worldwide answer for the issue of a dangerous atmospheric devation. (Milutin, 2003, 42-56) The Australian government utilizing this approach has presented a discharge exchanging plan and a system for carbon decrease which will assist with lessening the GHGs emanation by up to 60 percent constantly 2050. A decrease in the national GHGs outflow will place Australia in a superior situation to impact the worldwide networks in progressing in the direction of a low carbon condition (Julian, 2003, 495-503). What's more, the Australian government is focused on advancing a mechanical strategy planned for encouraging interest in cleaner, greener and progressively feasible vitality assets and expanding the financial open doors in the nation. This industry strategy has assisted with creating complete procedures which incorporate neighborhood content principles and buying arrangements to give long haul answers for environmental change (Derek, 2002, 115-120). As indicated by the natural strategies set by the Australian government, the ecological norms for its businesses are set high so as to limit them from discharging contaminations to the environment (Migeotte, 2002, 519-520). The Australia’s local strategies will undoubtedly influence the universal believability and the capacity to obtain a worldwide answer for an unnatural weather change. The drawn out national objective which is intended to lessen the discharges by around 60 percent before the year 2050 spots the all out worldwide exertion and carbon contamination plots in a superior situation to accomplishing an answer for the overall issue and consequently, this national approach is a positive development. Determination Global warming presents an incredible ecological, social and financial test which requires earnest consideration from governments everywhere throughout the globe. The Australian government has done a great deal to show that it is focused on taking out this worldwide issue through foundation of an ecological arrangement and approval of the Kyoto conventions built up by the United countries system show on environmental change. This has incredibly helped the nation to diminish the measure of GHGs discharge and carbon poisons into the climate prompting a cleaner situation and it has assisted with tending to the worldwide issue on the loose. This shows the utilization of very much actualized far reaching national approaches can help to satisfactorily address worldwide issues, for example, an Earth-wide temperature boost. References Abarbanel, Albert, and Thomas McCluskey (2002). â€Å"Is the World Getting Warmer? † Saturday Evening Post, 1 July, pp. 22-23, 57-63. Abbot, Charles G. , and F. E. Fowle, Jr. (2000). â€Å"Income and Outgo of Heat from the Earth, and the Dependence of Its Temperature Thereon. † Annals of the Astrophysical Observatory (Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC

Analysis of A Black Birch in Winter :: Black Birch in Winter Essays

Examination of A Black Birch in Winter     This sonnet is amazingly straightforward in the event that one comprehends the examination being made. In spite of the fact that by saying that a tree may glance old in the winter yet it will seem reawakened in the spring is the thing that Wilbur is discussing, he is relating and contrasting this with the life of a maturing man. The sonnet expresses that Old trees are destined to yearly resurrection, new wood, new life, new compass, and more prominent circumference. This implies that the tree will stretch and break a seemingly endless amount of time after year to suit new development. This takes after a resurrection of the tree every year, yet additionally a maturing procedure. The sonnet discusses the old tree and relates it to a matured man. Or then again the dug highlights of an matured man. It implies that the tree is practically identical to the matured man since it develops, stretches, and splits as the years pass by. The man becomes more seasoned and turns out to be progressively wrinkled or split, too. He will keep on get increasingly wrinkled and split as the years pass by. The tree can be viewed as something not that extravagant, similar to mosaic sections in a congregation, alongside the highlights of a matured man. The mosaic sections would give off an impression of being enormous and old, presumably scarred from climate and time, as a tree may look. As one looks and studies the old tree and its yearly resurrection, one may see that it resembles a structure of workmanship. Furthermore, this is all their intelligence and their craft, to develop, stretch, split, and not yet fall to pieces. The more seasoned trees get the more grounded they typically get. At the point when one ganders at the breaks and highlights of the tree, one can take note how solid and astute the tree is by all the examples and age blemishes on the tree. Rings are highlights that can tell how old a tree is. As the tree develops every year, and gets more grounded, the rings develop themselves around the old wood, which makes the tree greater. There are a few images in this sonnet a few pundits of the mental technique use. Yonic what's more, Phallic images will be pictures that portray female and male pictures. Yonic images are curved images, which allude to females.

How to receive AdSense revenue directly into your Bank Account

How to receive AdSense revenue directly into your Bank Account AdSense account holder always face problem at the pay-out time. Because those who are living in some countries where PayPal is not operating then have to depend on receiving Check from Google. And after sending a check it takes almost 14 days to 1 month to receive by AdSense account holder. And after that if you submit the check on your bank then it takes over15 days to make it cash. So ultimately you are the sufferer. Because to complete all the process it takes at least 2 months to get cash on hand from Google. Now Google has brought the solution of this issue by providing wire transfer service. As a result you can get payment directly on your Bank account. Thats make the AdSense hassle free. And to get your AdSense revenue just you have to change your Payment setting. So I will explain here that how you can set payment in our AdSense account to receive revenue directly into your Bank Account. Step 1 Go to AdSense account login pagehttps://www.google.com/adsenseand Sign in there Step 2 Under Home menu go through Payments -Payment Settings Step 3 Now click on Add new form of Payment button and write your Bank account details like Account holder name, Bank name, SWIFT or BIC code, Account number. Step 4 At the bottom of the page click on checkbox where written Set this form of payment as Primary. Step 5 Finally click on Save button. Now you would see 2 available payment option in your Google AdSense account. Though you have choses wire transfer so it will be primary forms of payment and Google will send you the payment directly into your Bank account. However dont worry you can change setting before pay out. You can chose either wire transfer or check delivery option. Hope the instruction will help you to pay out from Google at your convenience way. Regarding any query or further help feel free to leave comment below.

Is I Love You in Spanish Te Amo or Te Quiero

If you want to tell someone you love him or her in Spanish, do you say te amo or te quiero? Any decent dictionary will tell you that either amar or querer (and even some other verbs such as desear, gustar and encantar) can be translated in some contexts as to love. Theres no simple answer to the question, as it depends on context as well as where in the Spanish-speaking world you are. In an appropriate context, neither te quiero nor te amo is likely to be misunderstand as a way of expressing love. But there can be some differences—some subtle, some not. What Are the Differences Between Amar and Querer? Beginning Spanish students are tempted to think that because querer is a verb that often means to want—you can go to a restaurant and tell the waiter that you want a coffee by saying quiero un cafà ©Ã¢â‚¬â€that it isnt a good word for using to express romantic love. But thats simply not true: The meanings of words vary with context, and in a romantic setting Te amo simply does not refer to wanting in the same way that a person would want a cup of coffee. Yes, querer is a verb that can be used in casual contexts, but when said in a loving relationship it can be quite powerful. Although usage can vary with locality, the fact is that querer can be used in all kinds of loving relationships (as can amar), including friendship and marriage and everything in between. And even though one its most common meanings is to want, when said in the context of a relationship it doesnt have to have the sexual overtones that something such as I want you can have. In other words, context is everything. Heres the problem with Te amo: The verb amar is a perfectly good verb for to love, but (again depending on the locality) it isnt used as much as querer in real life by most native speakers. It might come across as something someone might say in the subtitles of a Hollywood film but not something two young lovers would say in real life. It might be something your grandmother might say, or something that sounds, well, stuffy, or old-fashioned. Even so, it is frequently used in poetry and song lyrics, so it may not sound as off as the preceding may suggest. Probably the best way to be certain about which verb is best where you are is to eavesdrop on the conversations of those you to emulate. But obviously that would seldom be practical. In general, though, it can be said that the safer choice—say youre a native English speaker falling in love with an hispanohablante—is to use Te quiero. It will be understood, it will sound natural, and it will sound sincere anywhere. Of course, under these circumstances, Te amo isnt going to be misunderstood, and nobody will fault you for using it. Alternative Ways of Saying ‘I Love You’ Just as I love you in English is both the simplest and most common way of expressing affection, so are Te amo and Te quiero in Spanish. But there are other ways as well if you want to go beyond the simple. Here area four of them: Eres mi carià ±o: Carià ±o is a common term of affection; common translations include love and sweetheart, and it can also be used to refer to affection in general. It is always masculine (even when referring to a female) and conveys a feeling of warmth. Eres mi media naranja: It may sound strange call your sweetheart a half orange, which is the literal meaning of this sentence, but think of how the two pieces of a split orange might fit together. This is an informal and friendly way of calling someone your soulmate. Eres mi alma gemelo (to a male), eres mi alma gemela (to a female): This is a more formal way of calling someone your soulmate. The literal meaning is You are my soul twin. Te adoro: Translated literally as I adore you, this is a lesser used alternative to the big two. Key Takeaways Te quiero and te amo are both very common ways of saying I love you, and in a romantic situation neither is likely to be misunderstood.Querer (the verb from which quiero is derived) can mean to want, but in romantic contexts it will be understood more like love.Both querer and amar can be used for to love in nonromantic contexts, such as the love of a parent for a child.

French Words Starting With A, B and C

Essay on Creationism vs. Evolution How did it really...

Creationism vs. Evolution: How did it really happen? Ever since 1859 and the publication of On the Origin of Species by Charles Darwin1, his first publication of his observations, much debate has come about concerning the issue of how life on earth came to be. Both the Creationists and Evolutionists believe in the Big Bang theory of creation of life; however, the mechanism for the development of new life provides the conflict. Evolutionists believe the cause of life on earth to be accidental, random atomic collisions (non-living matter), known as abiogenesis2. Creationists believe the cause to be supernatural intervention outside the physical world, God. Both groups have reasons for what they believe. However, proving either theory†¦show more content†¦However, the theory of evolution is based on the concept of macroevolution, numerous microevolutionary changes over a long period of time resulting in new life forms.6 diagram illustrating adaptive radiation Major discrepancies come in the theory of evolution because there is no testable proof of macroevolution. Many scientists over time have come to accept Darwin’s observations as facts. Books written on evolution use Darwin’s ideas as proof of evolution. This is incorrect, because no new evidence to prove evolution has come about since Darwin.7 Thus, his ideas can’t be used to prove a theory, because this theory is based on observation rather than fact. Also, the word evolution itself is used interchangeably with different meanings. Darwin used it to mean development, when the true meaning is, an opening, or new beginning. Evolutionist theories are fickle, in that each time a flaw arises, a new theory is developed to cover it up. Dr. David W. Cash feels evolution is nothing but lies covering lies.8 Mark Isaac points out major misconceptions about evolution: 1. [True]Evolution hasShow MoreRelatedHow The Earth Created And How Did We Get Here?2018 Words   |  9 PagesYou Believe How was the Earth created and how did we get here? This question has been in the heads of everyone that has had 5th grade education. The two main theories that try and explain how the earth, the universe, and humans were created are Creationism and Evolution. No one really knows which theory is right, I mean people believe that the theory that they believe in is right, but neither one of the theories have be proven right scientifically. The wonder on how the world was createdRead MoreI Have Always Been A Science Centered Girl3245 Words   |  13 PagesI have always been a science-centered girl. Science and math, no matter how hard, always kept my attention and interest. The science of evolution has always aroused my mind, as the part of biology that sparks my interest most is genetics and the findings of Darwin. All throughout learning the basics up to my AP biology class, I believed evolution to be a fact. This is because it was taught as factual, and I saw no evidence against it. My teachers always seemed well informed and because they wereRead MoreEvolution And Religion : The Disconnection2016 Words   |  9 PagesEvolution and Religion: The Disconnection For years, theologians and scientists have debacled as to which theories could be categorized as correct as opposed to incorrect theologies. On a larger scale, these individuals debate the question of the universe’s origin, as well as the origin of life itself. Some of the most contemplated questions theologians face are those that include thoughts regarding the creation of all living things. 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Taxon: a division of life: kingdomRead More2B study guide Essay7886 Words   |  32 Pagesunderstand generally where such a number comes from... while we would not require you to replicate the calculation, you should know the general approaches that are used to estimate global diversity] 10. Contrast autotrophs and heterotrophs in terms of how they acquire energy and nutrients. -Autotrophs: Produce their own forms of energy through inorganic materials -Heterotrophs: Obtain energy and nutrients from their diet 11. Which of the following is the best answer to why plants on land are green Read MoreModule Quizzes Essay14245 Words   |  57 PagesModule 1: Syllabus How long do you have to take an E-test? 2 hours Which of the following is curved? E-tests and the E-final Final Grades have? Pluses and minuses If a positive feedback signals reaches the comparator, what occurs? Comparator will turn on the controlled Where should you go to find updates on the course? Announcements in Bioespresso Where should you go to access your readings and assignments? www.bioespresso.com Where do you submit your extra credit paper? DrRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagesrelevancy should attract readers. Stanley Baronett. Jr., University of Nevada Las Vegas Far too many authors of contemporary texts in informal logic – keeping an eye on the sorts of arguments found in books on formal logic – forget, or underplay, how much of our daily reasoning is concerned not with arguments leading to truth-valued conclusions but with making choices, assessing reasons, seeking advice, etc. Dowden gets the balance and the emphasis right. Norman Swartz, Simon Fraser University

Stakeholder and Issues Management †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Stakeholder and Issues Management. Answer: Introduction The business model of Domino is based on growing sales through franchisees, not to make the profit but to take a royalty from each and every sale. The stores of Dominos are bought and sold on the basis of the sales, not as per the calculation of profit. The company believes that the network of the company will have more stores and that will result in more profits for the company. The company focuses on products and services. Dominos in Australia has witnessed major issues despite the success story. The employees of the franchisees are facing huge stress and they are demotivated. There are concerns with the structural and behavioural patterns of the organisation. The pressure from the higher management affects the performance the morale of the employees. The autocratic leadership style of the franchise owner, Del Santo creates unrest among the employees. The assignment studies the low morale of the employees and the stress the employees face due to the lack of good communication patt ern in the organisation. Dominos is a global brand that is famous for pizza and the company has a network of franchises and retail stores all across the globe. Domino has a credible presence in Australia and has been enlisted on the ASE, the Australian Stock Exchange in the year 2005. The company has more than six hundred retail stores in the country. The company has earned a total revenue worth of $939,976,000 in the year 2016. The company is famous for its drones, fast pizzas, franchisees, and for the good workers. The company has developed technology to keep abreast of all the sales and operations of the franchises. The updated statistics are conveyed through IT technologies so that the head office can find the average size of the order for the employees and the duration that takes the pizza to reach the customers. The store earning determines the bonus for the managers of the stores and that is given to them in every quarter. Dominos in Australia has witnessed major issues despite the success story. The employees of the franchisees are facing huge stress and they are demotivated. There are concerns with the structural and behavioural patterns of the organisation(Weiss, 2009). The pressure from the higher management affects the performance the morale of the employees. The autocratic leadership approach of the senior management affects the culture of the workplace and the pressure of the management remains a hindrance for the quality performance of the staff members. The poor communication of the senior management with the frontline manager of the franchisees bring huge gap in the operations of the organisation. Identification of issues and problems The autocratic leadership style has been found in Del Santo. The underpayment wages and underpayment of penalties are found in the stores. Del Santo reduced the cost of the labour below 27% of sales. This has affected to the payroll system of the store and the work hours of the staff are lowered. The employees got less payment. He manipulated payroll and blamed his employees for the differences. He was treated by the employees as the dictator of the organisation. The autocratic leadership style of Del Santo has a negative impact on the performance of the organisation. The style of Del Santo is based on Taylors scientific management theory. The theory focuses on the control of the decision-making process domination. This kind of management is found in an organisation with a hierarchy that is very rigid(Daft, 2010). Del Santo advocates that his leadership style has a positive impact as it directs people to work sincerely, improve work method cooperation among the employees will be established. The negative impact of the autocratic leadership style is evident. The leadership style that Del Santo follows is based on Taylors theory and it ensures effective efficient accomplishment of work. But it does not have the impact on the employees practically. It has created resentment among the employees of the organisation(analytitech.com, 2016). The low morale of the workers lack of inspiration the employees lost their interest to work. Manipulation of the shift hours of the employees, violation of the payroll conditions practices, no payment for overtime and no payment for even the appropriate working hour etc. are major issues and it affected the operations of the franchisees(Ferrel, Ferrell, Fradrich, 2008). Most of the workers are afraid of losing their jobs for the policy of payment based on the working hours of the employees. The resentment among the workers remains the major issue for Dominos franchisees to manage the image of the brand of the company. The resentment will lead the lack of motivation and this will affect the company in the long run. The possible solutions are made in order to combat the immediate issues that are faced by the organisation. The followings are the possible solutions attempted in the assignment. Needs of changing the hierarchical structure of the franchisees The hierarchical structure has a negative impact on the management of the franchisees. The top level managements remain influential and the leaders become autocratic and formulate the rules as per their requirements(George, 2017). The change in the hierarchical pattern of the organisation will allow the employees to report their concern directly to the top level management so that the rules and regulations will be prepared well(valuebasedmanagement.net, 2017). The decision making will be delayed. The immediate boss cannot take immediate decisions as the decision making power will not be given to him or her. The change in the leadership style of leader will bring a change in the culture of the management will of the organisation. The workers will have no low morale and they will be very innovative in the workplace. They will not quit their jobs and will not get afraid of losing their jobs. The work method requires to be standardised and the work accomplishment should be done with the cooperation of the workers(Hawkin Mothersbaugh, 2012). A dictator leader makes everybody work as per the standardised laws. Thus a leader cannot always be a transformational leader and the autocratic leadership style will contribute to the growth of the organisation. Communication and motivation for the employees The communication between the top level management and the managers at the operational level is very important. The appropriate communication will bring no gaps in the operations. The employees will be well aware of the expectations and they will act accordingly. This will also help the management to motivate people to work more(Kannair, 2007). The interpersonal relationship will be developed and the top level management of Dominos can easily get the information from the bottom level employees. The workers do not require all information. More information will create confusion in them. This affects their efficiencies the productivity of the organisation will be decreased. Appropriate communication pattern Dominos success at the franchisee level is possible when the communication between the franchisee and the head office remains transparent and unbiased. The wage fraud practices at the franchisees are due to the unlawful behaviour of the franchisees. The communication at an appropriate level will help the entire organisation to communicate the policies of the organisation to all the employees( Parker Evans, 2014). The communication from the managerial level at the franchisees to the top management of the head office will be made on the everyday basis so that the head office will remain alert on the functioning of the stores or the franchisees. The rights of communication to the employees will help for the immediate communication and no fraud will be made at the lower level. The employees will not feel afraid and they can report the wrong practices at the lower level( Woiceshyn, 2011). The communication between CEO, managers and the frontline staff employees of Dominos will bring effective results on the development of the morals of the employees and the culture of the organisation will be effective. The feedback from the employees will accurate and the management can easily get the information related to the needs of employees and the stores and franchisees. Dominos can find out the issues at the franchisees and at the stores. The top management can solve their problems. Recommendation The leader can be taken the opinion of the employees before taking the decisions. The employees can help the Del to devise strategies to meet the expectations of the head office and to perform well at the franchise level. The communication process will be effective and the strategies will be formulated successfully. Review of the performance of the employees, managers and the management of Dominos is very important. The review will offer the exact feedback. The feedback will high light how the different stakeholders are performing and what steps are required to manage the issues. Del requires taking the feedback of the employees and the managers before making unlawful plan to reduce the working hours and reducing the payment of the workers. Bibliography Grima, T. (2012, 08 04). Positioning and Perceptual Mapping. Retrieved 08 25, 2017, from https://tonygrima.wordpress.com/tag/perceptual-map/ Parker, C., Evans, A. (2014). Inside Lawyers' Ethics - Page 347 - Google Books Result. Retrieved 08 25, 2017, from Christine Parker, Adrian Evans: https://books.google.co.in/books?isbn=110764173X Woiceshyn, J. (2011). A model for ethical decision making in business; Reasoning, interaction and rational moral principles,. Journal of Business Ethics, 104(3), 311-323. analytitech.com. (2016). Theory of Motivation. Retrieved 08 25, 2017, from analytitech.com: https://www.analytictech.com/mb021/motivation.htm bhpbilliton.com. (2017). Operating with integrity. Retrieved 02 27, 2017, from https://www.bhpbilliton.com/our-approach/operating-with-integrity Daft, R. L. (2010). Organization Theory and Design (10 ed.). South-Western CENGAGE Learning. Ferrel, O. C., Ferrell, L., Fradrich, J. (2008). Business Ethics: Ethical Decision Making and Cases (8 ed.). South-Western CENGAGE Learning. George, N. (2017, 08 10). Five Components of an Organization's External Environment. Retrieved 08 25, 2017, from https://smallbusiness.chron.com/five-components-organizations-external-environment-17634.html Hawkin, D. L., Mothersbaugh, D. L. (2012). Consumer Behaviour. Building Marketing Strategy( 11th Edition). McGraw-Hill. Kannair, J. (2007). The Ethical Mind. Harvard Business Review, 85(3), 51-56. mantragroup.com.au. (2017). To be the favourite by Knowing What Matters. Retrieved 08 25, 2017, from https://www.mantragroup.com.au/About-Us/Vision-Values-Strategy.aspx valuebasedmanagement.net. (2017). Analysing Organisational Culture: Summary of three level by Schein Abstract. Retrieved 08 25, 2017, from https://www.valuebasedmanagement.net/methods_schein_three_levels_culture.html Weiss, J. W. (2009). Business Ethics: A Stakeholder Issues Management Approach. South Western CENGAGE Learning.

A Conclusion On Overall The Project Essays

A Conclusion On Overall The Project Essays A Conclusion On Overall The Project Paper A Conclusion On Overall The Project Paper Conclusion On overall, the project has achieved its objectives. The project has provided a client/server application for food ordering system and was successfully built using Visual Basic 6. 0 software. It provides a more convenient and accurate method for staff in the restaurant since orders are transferred to server in the kitchen immediately and displayed to the chefs for further process. In view of time saving, less time consuming by waiting and transferring order by staff in restaurant. In other words, this can minimize the waiting time spent at the restaurant. Apart from using internet application, It can be extended using Bluetooth technology. Thus make the application more simplistic and robust. B. Recommendations There are some improvement can be performed to the system in the future: I. The client can be designed In a Pocket PC or PDA using suitable software. I. Develop a proper database that can link directly to both client and server Interface. Ill. Include a proper Graphical User Interface that Is easy to use by both users for client and server. Lb. Add more function button to provide variety function of system v. Add more feature window such as table display, food display, online booking and others to attract customers. A Conclusion On Overall The Project By Contemplating Apart from using internet application, it can be extended I. The client can be designed in a Pocket PC or PDA it. Develop a proper database that can link directly to both client and server interface. Iii. Include a proper Graphical User Interface that is easy to use by both users for v. Add more function button to provide variety

Keep Going - An Interview With Two #1 Amazon Bestsellers

Keep Going - An Interview With Two #1 Amazon Bestsellers "Keep Going" - An Interview with #1 Amazon Bestsellers Mark Edwards and Louise Voss Success doesn’t happen overnight. It is often the result of hard work put in over the years. And Mark Edwards and Louise Voss’ success story tells us as much. They are known for being the first indie authors to ever reach #1 on Amazon.co.uk back in 2011. Now with Amazon Publishing, their latest book is From The Cradle (and the best one, they tell me). Their story begins much sooner, though. They have been through the ups and downs that characterize a writer’s life, but they have been through them together and always determined to keep going.Today, we have the pleasure of interviewing both of them. They share their whole story (not only the success part) and their advice for starting indie authors. They also debunk a metadata-myth, analyze why Amazon Publishing is so powerful and explain how to co-write a book using Dropbox.So sit down with a nice cup of tea/coffee, and hit play. Or alternatively, read through the whole transcript below (courtesy of the Reedsy team). REEDSY: Hi Mark and Louise, I’m really pleased to have you here. You are known for being the first indie authors to have reached the top of the charts on Amazon.co.uk, a few years ago, with two books that you had co-written. But your collaboration started long before that, right Louise?LOUISE: Sure, it’s a good story, though it can make me sound a bit like a stalker. It started years ago, around 1998-99, and Mark was on this TV documentary about â€Å"wannabe writers†. I was in the exact same situation as him: I had an agent but she wasn’t very enthusiastic. We were both getting lots of rejections but they were really positive rejections. So I just sent him a little email via his agent, basically saying â€Å"I really liked your interview†.He wrote back, and we started corresponding via email about books and writing for around 18 months before we finally met in person. And then we thought: rather than just critiquing each other’s stuff, why d on’t we write something together? That’s when we started writing Killing Cupid. We did it all by email, because at that time Mark was in Japan.MARK: Yes, I was in Tokyo, and Louise was in London. We wrote an entire novel without even speaking to each other, literally. This was back in 2001, and Killing Cupid was optioned by the BBC but we didn’t manage to get a publishing deal for it.Then, a few years after, I came back from Japan and we decided to write another one together: Catch Your Death. Back then, however, we didn’t have an agent, we still couldn’t get a publisher, we were really back to square one, so we pretty much gave up at that point, didn’t we?LOUISE: Yes, I think the problem with Killing Cupid was a genre one. When we sent it to publishers, they said â€Å"well, it’s not really enough of a thriller to be a thriller; and it’s a comedy as well, we don’t know what to do with it†¦Ã¢â‚¬  And that’s why we decided to write Catch Your Death, because that was unquestionably a thriller.MARK: Yes, so we both more or less gave up. I came back to the UK, got a good job, and thought: it’s really not worth the pain of trying to find a publishing deal.Then, 2010 when was I first heard about KDP. And I got a Kindle for my 40th birthday. So I said to Louise: why don’t we take our two old novels, spruce them up a bit, self-publish them and see what happens? And she was very reluctant.LOUISE: Yes, I thought â€Å"oh, no, it will be humiliating, we’ll sell 4 copies†¦Ã¢â‚¬ MARK: So we spent a few months rewriting and reworking them, because they were really out of date. There were no mobile phones, social media, etc.We put Killing Cupid out in February 2011, and as Louise predicted we sold around 4 copies on our first day, to people that we knew†¦ But then I became completely obsessed about trying to sell it. I had a full-time job, my girlfriend was pregnant, and she still talks about how I neglected her during that time! And Louise did promotion stuff too.LOUISE: Yes, we had a list of all the bloggers that accepted unpublished books - there weren’t that many of them but we put together this list and divided it up. Mark started at A and I started at Z and we worked our way to the middle, contacting all of them. It was a lot of work.REEDSY: And Mark, you did a very good job on the metadata too, right? I read about it on Joanna Penn’s blog, but maybe you can tell us what in your metadata helped make your book successful?MARK: Yes, we used subtitles. On Killing Cupid, I think it was pretty simple: â€Å"Killing Cupid, a psychological thriller†: nothing fancy, really. But we kept rewriting the blurb (book description). Back then, you used to be able to see what percentage of people who viewed your book had bought it, which was fantastic, you could see your conversion rate from browser to reader. So I kept looking at th e books in the top 10, especially the self-published thrillers and the ones that had the highest conversion rates, and tried to figure out what it was about those books that incited more people to buy them after they looked at them.So I was continually tweaking the description and I think that at one point I got it right, because it suddenly doubled our sales in just an hour. I had made the description shorter, more straightforward about the book while also making it sound more intriguing.We did something much more interesting for the second book, Catch Your Death. We called it: â€Å"Catch Your Death (For fans of Dan Brown Stieg Larsson)†. This quickly became a controversial point, with people starting to talk about it in The Bookseller magazine.But I actually believe, to this day, that it didn’t make any difference to the sales, because I think we put off as many people as we attracted. If you searched for Dan Brown at the time (and I did it quite a few times), our book didn’t come up, not even on page 30. It didn’t make any difference to the search results.What really made a difference, and this is a lesson for all indie authors, is that we were patient and hardworking in building a readership. We hand-sold every copy of Killing Cupid in the first 3-4 months: every single sale was hard work. And as we did that, we built a momentum and started climbing up the charts, which made our book more visible. And because it was good, word-of-mouth really worked in our advantage and more people started to buy it.We released Catch Your Death around 3-4 months after Killing Cupid, as Killing Cupid was climbing into the top 100. And Amazon then sent out an email advertising Catch Your Death to all the people who had previously purchased Killing Cupid.And it was the day that this email went out - even though we only realized this quite a long time afterwards - that more and more readers started buying both books and we shot up into the top 1 0. A couple of days later, Amazon removed the Dan Brown subtitle, and it didn’t make any difference at all.So there was a lot of hype about our metadata at that time, but I really don’t think it made any difference in the end. It was all about slowly building that readership.REEDSY: I think that’s a great lesson indeed for indie authors. But if we go back to the writing process, Louise, how does that technically work? What tools do you use: Google Drive, Dropbox, †¦?LOUISE: Dropbox, we have everything in Dropbox. It works really well for us, you can see the last things people have worked on and when. Though sometimes it happened that we were both working on the same document at the same time, so when we saved it created conflicted copies, which are a nightmare to sort out. But we don’t do that so much now, we’ve got better at it.We also email a lot, and text, when it’s particularly urgent, but we don’t actually talk that much, un less there is a problem, or in the beginning and the end, when there are things to figure out.MARK: For Dropbox, we have a â€Å"master document† - we do it all in Word - and we write separate chapters in separate Word documents, save them into Dropbox for the other person to make comments. The original author then goes back to that chapter to amend it and when we’re both happy with it we add it to the master document!We also have other Word documents and spreadsheets for our chapter plans. I think that, ideally, we’d use Scrivener, because that’s what we both write on for our solo novels, but you can’t really use it for collaborative work, as far as I’ve been able to work out.REEDSY: Now, with the success of Killing Cupid and Catch Your Death, you were prompted to partner with an agent, who got you into traditional publishing. How was that experience?LOUISE: It’s quite ironic, because we spent years trying to get a publishing deal for both books. But we didn’t have an agent at all until we were #1 on Amazon. I was talking with an author friend of mine and he suggested me to contact his agent. I said â€Å"well, he turned us down a few years ago so I don’t think he’ll be interested†. He answered â€Å"oh, it’s different now, you’re #1†. So we contacted his agent and he quickly got us a deal with HarperCollins, which was fantastic! I don’t regret it, really, because it was just so lovely to finally have this public validation through a traditional publishing deal, and the idea to have our books in shops, the advance, etc.I often wonder, with the benefit of hindsight, whether we would do it differently if we had to do it again, and I don’t think we would change much, other than to get more involved in the marketing and publicity of these traditionally published books. We were thinking that the publisher would do most of the marketing and promotion, a nd it didn’t happen. So I think our mistake wasn’t taking the deal, it was not pushing the books as much as we had when we were self-publishing.MARK: Louise literally just took the words out of my mouth. I definitely don’t regret it either, it was â€Å"a dream come true†. Louise had already had a traditional publishing deal in the past, but for me it was something I’d wanted for years.LOUISE: Yes, I guess I was a bit more cynical about it, because I already had had an experience with a publisher who dropped me after not promoting the books - and that was back in the day when you could do little yourself. But I still don’t regret it, we had a lovely editor, who did an excellent editorial work, really improving the books. It’s just that not many people got to see them.MARK: Yes, that was the frustrating thing. What happened is that after the first and second books didn’t do as well as they hoped, the third and fourth ones were pretty much dead in the water.LOUISE: It basically took the exact same trajectory as my first publishing deal: sales got smaller and smaller and the publisher’s interest got smaller and smaller. Also, one thing to take into account is that two of the four books had already been self-published before and picked up by a lot of people. So I think that didn’t help us as much as we thought it would.MARK: That was the problem, really. Catch Your Death and Killing Cupid came out a year after we first self-published them, which means the sequel to Catch Your Death came a year and a half after the first book, and by then, everyone had lost interest. And it wasn’t pushed at all, it wasn’t in any shops, it had no visibility.I actually think that we were a little bit like guinea pigs, because we were the first â€Å"indies† to go through that process over here in the UK. The publishers learned from what happened with us for some of the following indie success stories that they picked up.REEDSY: So you were with a publisher that didn’t do as much as you hoped on the marketing side of things. But now you’re with Amazon, right? Which is almost the opposite.MARK: Yes, but there is a stage in between. In January 2013, we were in a dark place. We’d had a very disappointing 2012 with the two paperbacks, and when the third one came out in January it just disappeared without a trace. Literally without trace, it left nothing.I had gambled by quitting my job to be a full-time writer, and I was in a very difficult financial position, with massive tax and credit card bills, plus my wife and I had another baby on the way. So I really was in a state of constant panic, thinking â€Å"what am I going to do?† I can laugh about it now, but it was terrible at that time. Every now and again I think â€Å"I can’t believe I managed to get myself out of that dark pit that I was in†.I remember Louise and I had this meeti ng with our agent in London and he - now, he would probably deny it - but he had lost a bit of interest in us as well. But we were determined to make it work so we decided we would not give up, and start a new series of books instead.Now, I had this book â€Å"The Magpies† that I had had sitting in my bottom drawer for years, and I’d been tinkering with it, on and off. Louise said: â€Å"why don’t you just do it, just self-publish it?† So I went home that day, read through it, and thought â€Å"actually, this is quite good†. So I self-published The Magpies via my agent (it’s called â€Å"agent-assisted self-publishing†) and it basically completely transformed everything, because The Magpies ended up selling (in its self-published version) 170,000 copies. It simply changed my life, and it’s what led to the deal with Amazon.Amazon Publishing bought the rights for it and for another solo novel from me. And when Louise and I fini shed our new co-written one, it did go out in submission to various publishers, but Amazon pre-empted it and our commissioning editor there read it in a few days. They made an offer, and because I’d had such a great experience with them already, Louise thought: â€Å"why not?†Everything so far with Amazon Publishing has been fantastic. I mean, I’d like to sell more books in the US, but in the UK it couldn’t have gone any better I think.REEDSY: Yes, and we actually interviewed another Amazon-published author, Bob Mayer, a few weeks ago who highlighted the â€Å"marketing reach† of Amazon publishing imprints. What does that mean exactly? What do these imprints do in terms of marketing that makes it worth it signing away royalties to them?MARK: Well, they’ve got the most amazing database in the world. They’ve got anyone who has ever bought anything, including anyone who has ever read a psychological thriller! That’s what sets them apart from all the other publishers. Plus, they’ve got the platform of their website, and they also do a lot of on-device marketing. So if you’ve got a Kindle Fire, you’ll see that whenever you turn it on, an advert will appear on the home screen, and they rotate, but they’re often books.That visibility that you get with Amazon publishing is just fantastic. The restriction of being with them is that you’re pretty much only on the Amazon platform, although they do print books and they are making efforts to get them into the shops. But they’re not on any of the other digital stores, so you’re in kind of a walled garden, like a luxury gated development!When somebody from a big publisher said to us: â€Å"well, wouldn’t you rather be with a traditional publisher and have your books in the shops?†, my answer was that that all sounds great, but when we did have that opportunity, our books were barely in the shops anyway†¦REEDSY: So, do you now still produce some marketing effort yourselves or is it all Amazon?LOUISE: We’ve worked very hard on building up our Facebook page. It’s not like we have tens of thousands of followers, but the ones we do have are so loyal that it’s really helping us get the word of mouth thing going, which is the holy grail of marketing anyway. But we still do work very hard, especially when we do online launches.REEDSY: To finish on an encouraging note for other authors out there: you’ve been through everything, both of you, in a writer’s career; the ups, the downs, so what would be your advice for an author who’d be in a â€Å"dark year† like you had in 2012?MARK: I think it’s certainly nurturing your existing fans and readers. That is what goes through in our Facebook group, where we have really loyal readers as Louise pointed out. They were really really helpful and acting as cheerleaders to keep us going. And then when we did start selling well, they were there and helped spread the word.REEDSY: And Louise, what would be your advice?LOUISE: Keep going!We lost the rest of Louise’s advice due to recording problems, but feel free to ask her (or Mark) anything in the comments below!Sharing is caring, so here are our Twitter handles: @ReedsyHQ, @mredwards and @LouiseVoss1

SUMMARY WORKSHOP-RESEARCH METHOD CLASS Coursework

SUMMARY WORKSHOP-RESEARCH METHOD CLASS - Coursework Example Bryman defines quantitative data analysis as the process through which a researcher transforms all the data observed or collected into numerical data. The method of analysis often answers questions, describes events, or a situation that the â€Å"how† and â€Å"what† questions apply. The method deals with measuring or attributes that are related to quantities (Bryman 2008). Quantitative data analysis is applied to find evidence used to prove wrong or support a hypothesis or idea. The research method operates using three types of quantitative measures including nominal, ordinal, and interval. These measures provide certain advantages that are associated with their use during the analysis of data. Quantitative analysis utilizes statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) to ensure accuracy of the results derived from the analysis. The data tool resembles a spreadsheet, but it has a different modus operandi. The statistical tool is preferred for analyzing data generated from social sciences research studies because it is tailor made for this task. Bryman looks at a comparison of quantitative and qualitative data analysis methods with the view of their potential when they are integrated. The two levels of research approach research from different scopes of discourse and analysis. Though there are disagreements over the possibility of combining the two methods, a number of research approaches have employed a structure that closely resembles the quantitative/qualitative research approach (Bryman 2008). The two types of research are fundamentally different and they have been described as explained; while quantitative analysis is considered rationalistic and positive qualitative analysis is considered naturalistic and constructivist. Because of these fundamental differences, the two analysis techniques are applicable in different stages of a research study (Sarantakos 2005). In conclusion, quantitative and qualitative

Compare and contrast at least two types of industrialization strategy Coursework

Compare and contrast at least two types of industrialization strategy - Coursework Example Further more, it will explain the advantages of the strategies and how different countries have used them to ensure that they are doing well economically. At the end of it all, it will give a clear picture to which strategy can work best for countries thus the comparison of the two strategies. Industrialisation is a process that allows people within a society to change their social and economic status. Industrialisation is a great contributor to modernisation of an area. People go through changes like better and stronger buildings, more intensified machines for processing things, better technology, and large scale production of energy like electricity and better communication and transportation channels. It is also a major contributor to cultural changes that is, with industrialisation, many people change how they view and do things. Their attitudes change completely. Industrialisation comes in with the influence of politics, skilled labour and large scale production with low costs. Industrialization is a major contributor to the economic welfare of a country. Thus many economists attribute economic success to good industrialisation processes1. There are two main industrialization strategies that can be discussed and have been used by many countries to uplift their econom ic status. The ISI strategy is also known as the import substitution industrialisation while, the EOI strategy that is also known as export-oriented industrialization1. Import substitution is an economic strategy that involves a country coming up with trade policies. It is the attempt a country makes to ensure that it produces its own materials instead of importing. It tries to copy how other countries are producing certain goods and products thus start its own production within the country. It involves a lot of government spending in producing the goods. It requires acquiring the

Anchors: History of and Developments in Anchor Technology

Anchors: History of and Developments in Anchor Technology Inflate-a-Weight Abstract The Inflate-a-Weight is a specially designed anchor that utilizes a chemical reaction to assist in the anchor’s ascent. Connected to the body of the anchor are two balloons similar in design to airbags. One is connected at the top and the other at the bottom. The bottom balloon acts as a backup if the top one fails to activate. Using an infrared remote control, the user can release some water into the balloon. This will react with the trace amount of sodium present in the balloon to produce sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas. The gas will inflate the balloon and give the anchor the buoyancy necessary for it to rise to the surface. The Inflate-a-Weight is a fast method of hauling in an anchor that could save boaters the electricity they need to power radios, lights, and navigation systems. Present Technology The current technology of anchors includes multiple different anchor types used for various purposes, the line it is connected to, and the chain it is connected to. These anchor types include the lightweight anchor, kedge anchor, grapnels anchor, plow anchor, claw anchor, and the mushroom anchor. The lightweight anchor is usually used on smaller boats used for recreational purposes. The kedge anchor is normally used on very large ships because it buries one of its sides and relies mainly on the weight of the ship to help keep it in place. The grapnels anchor is used by small boats such as kayaks and canoes because it has little holding power. The plow anchor tends to be used on cruising boats because it is able to bury itself in most bottom types. The claw anchor works similarly to the plow anchor but it allows 360 degree turns while anchored and is able to right itself easily if it hits the bottom on the wrong side. The mushroom anchor is used mainly for moorings and is best used in soft bottoms because of the suction it is able to create because of it mushroom shape. Additionally, the anchors are attached to the boat via a line and/or chain. The three-strand twist nylon line is the best line to use because of the shock it is able to absorb from the anchoring. It is recommended that the line is mixed with a chain for the anchor. Chain is usually made from galvanized steel and isgood to use for attaching you anchor to the boat because it can handle more weight and wear and tear and the most commonly used type of chain is the proof coil. Airbags are inflated via a chemical reaction activated in a head-on collision to help protect a person in a crash. They are commonly activated when in a head-on collision the car decelerates at a very fast pace and a ball held in place by a magnet moves forward to activate an electrical circuit to ignite a pellet of sodium azide. Once that happened the airbag inflates in mere milliseconds, approximately 40. After the bag has inflated fully it begins to deflate to cushion the body in time for when the body should make contact with it. For the airbag to produce the gas necessary to inflate it goes through a series of chemical reactions. The reason for multiple reactions is to produce the gas needed and to remove the other harmful substances produced and convert them into harmless substances. There are many gas producing chemical reactions, but the important ones for this project have reactants in group 1, the alkali metals. Some of the elements located in this group have strong reactions with water. Some of these reactants react with water in a violent explosion and produce gas. Lithium has an intense reaction with water and produces hydrogen gas. Sodium has a fast reaction with water, which can be seen by the small explosion or fire when the reactants are combined, and produces hydrogen gas. Potassium has a rapid exothermic reaction with water and can catch fire during the reaction and it produces hydrogen gas. Rubidium reacts very rapidly and violently with water and produces hydrogen gas. Cesium has an extremely fast and violent reaction with water and produces hydrogen gas. The current technology of infrared remote controls and sensors includes being used in television remotes. The infrared or IR remote is able to work by using s low frequency light beam that cannot be detected by the human eye but by the television receiver. The IR remotes and their sensors are used by many different electronic devices today including things such as televisions, radios, and movie players. History Anchors have been used for thousands of years. Ancient forms of anchors, rocks, have been found that date to the Bronze Age. A primitive anchor consists of a pair of wood arms under a large rock. It provided the same purpose as modern day anchors, which is to have a sharp point and mass. Ancient anchors relied on the grappling hook until the stock, a bar perpendicular to the arm in order to roll the anchor to pierce the bottom, was introduced and adopted. Airbags were first used in the early 1950s and were designed by Walter Linderer, a German engineer and later was patented by John W. Hetrick. In 1963, Yasuzaburou Kobori created current airbag technology. In 1968, Allen Breed invented the first automobile crash sensor and airbag safety system. Early airbags had the problem of retaining pressure in the canisters that inflated the bag with compressed air. Sodium azide and its by-product, sodium hydroxide, were commonly used in the 1990s. However its toxicity and reactivity caused it to be phased out. Infrared, or IR, technologies had started to be used in the early 1980s. The first remote control, called â€Å"Lazy Bones† was created by Zenith Electronics Corporation. Eugene McDonald created the first wireless remote, the â€Å"Flashmatic†. An IR remote emits a very low frequency beam of light which is then met by the receiver. In the beginning of the 2000s, ninety-nine percent of all television sets and one-hundred of all VCRs and DVD players were equipped with IR remote controls. Most remote controls today use IR technology. Breakthroughs The gas that needed to be used had to be safe and couldnt be harmful to the environment. Methane and ammonia are harmful to the environment, so they were thrown out as possibilities. The only other ones that would be useful in lifting the anchor were hydrogen and helium, but helium is too expensive to be used on a daily basis. This left hydrogen as the element chosen for the lifting of the anchor. Next it was necessary to find a way to produce the hydrogen through a reaction, but the compounds used couldnt be harmful to the environment, along with its byproducts. The simplest and cleanest way to produce hydrogen was to use a salt and mix it with water. The only salt that will not create a harmful byproduct and will not explode killing any creatures, was sodium and therefore was chosen for to create the anchors needed reaction. The breakthrough that is necessary for the floating anchor to work is the reaction that must take place inside the anchor under the high pressure of deep ocean waters. The reaction must take place in an area that is completely dry, so as to avoid an early and undesired reaction. The separate chambers where the sodium and water are held must be sealed properly in order to avoid compromising the clean water with contaminates and the risk of the sodium being exposed to water, causing an early reaction, is too great. The only possible way for the reaction to occur is if the sodium is kept dry and safely away from the oceans water. The sodium must be kept in a separate chamber where it can be released into the water of another chamber. The water should be filled before the anchor is dropped but if not, the water can be used if it is fresh water. As this is an unlikely case, due to the fact that the anchors main purpose is for deep oceanic waters, the anchor can still be used in freshwater lakes or rivers. When the sodium is released into the water of another chamber, the reaction will rapidly produce sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas. The hydrogen gas will fill up the balloon that is attached to the exterior of the anchor and provide the lift necessary for the anchor to rise to the surface at a steady and safe rate. The release system is connected to an infrared remote control on board the ship. When the anchor needs to be raised, they simply use a remote control to send infrared signals to the anchor, which in turn opens the chamber, and triggers the reaction. The downside is that due to the fact that a high concentration of sodium, if a leak occurs, could destroy the anchor in a small explosion. To avoid a catastrophe, the concentration of sodium must be kept at a low level. This basically means that only about one or two reactions worth of sodium can be kept in the chambers within the anchor. A solution to any failures in the release of the sodium can be fixed with a more manual format. A tube will be run down the chain to the anchor upon installation, so if the reaction in the anchor fails, hydrogen gas can be pumped down the tube into the anchors balloon. If there arises a problem with the balloon, there is a second emergency balloon attached to the opposite end of the anchor, which is atta ched to the tube, that can be filled if the first fails to do so. If all else fails, the anchor can be raised as it is today, slowly and steadily, by a windlass or by hand. All these things must come together perfectly for this piece of technology to work. If there is one flaw, the whole anchor is compromised and rendered useless for its purpose. Although this technology has the ability to exist today, it is unlikely due to the fact that every time the anchor is used the chamber containing the chemical would need to be refilled. The only solution to being refilled every time is to have multiple chambers, but this could be a problem due to the fact that if the concentration of the chemical is too high and there is a leak, the possibility of the anchor exploding becomes a reality. Future Technologies Future ways of easing the use of the anchor would be to raise it to the surface faster and safer. Our vision includes a way to raise an anchor from the bottom of a body of water to the surface is just this way. This is a safer way to elevate an anchor without a windlass. We visualize our concept to be put in place by many different people for many different uses. For example, the products of reaction in the airbag can be applied to not only airbags, but inflatable boats or recreation inflation uses. Instead of using one’s breath or an air pump, only activate the sodium and water for a rapid inflation. This technology of producing gas can be used in many places for many different reasons. The IR signals can be improved and applied to more uses than they currently are. Infrared signals can be used in many different applications, not only in television remotes or triggering reactions in anchors but also sending information by light. However, the strength of infrared signals must be improved in order to reach longer distances or through different materials since it is such a low energy light. Along with the infrared technology, the other components can be further improved. The strength of the anchor, reliability of the reaction can be improved. Different designs may also prove to be more effective than our own. This leads to development of the Inflate-a-Weight. Design Process After the team decided to do our project on an anchor retraction system we brainstormed different ways to make it easier. After picking which one to do we had rejected three different versions of the idea for various reasons. The first idea that was rejected by the group was an anchor that is retracted by a motorized pulley system. The thought was to have the rope/chain attached to the anchor to be wrapped on the pulley so a button could be pushed or a switch flipped and the pulley would start turning lifting the anchor up and out of the water. The idea was rejected because when further research was conducted on the idea, we found that it already exists and is known as a windlass. Another idea that was rejected was an anchor that is equipped with water jets to propel it upward. The group rejected this idea because of the dangers of the anchor flying up into the boat and damaging it or harming the passengers. If the water jets pushed with too much pressure behind it, it could launch up too much and fly into the boat, causing a hole or other damage possibly resulting in compromising the integrity of the hull and leading to the sinking of the watercraft. The anchor flying up into the boat could also cause serious injury or even death to any passenger riding in the boat. This could be an expensive ordeal because major damage to the boat and medical bills are not usually cheap. The last idea that was rejected was an anchor that floats up using air pumps. Our group rejected this version of our idea because it is not practical because of all the equipment required that could fail or easily break. Some of the equipment would have to be a tube and the actual air pump. The pump could fail by losing power and cause a problem for retracting the anchor. The tube running down to the inflatable device to make the anchor rise could break and then it would be a pain to fix and get in the way of manually raising the anchor in the case that it breaks. However, this idea led us to think of another way to use something lighter than water to raise the anchor. We came to the conclusion that using a chemical reaction to produce gas in an inflatable attached to the base of the anchor would work better. When discussing it more we knew that a way to activate the chemical reaction was needed and we thought of remotely activating it to make it easier on the user. Consequences The floating anchor technology could have some potentially harmful and unintended consequences. If sea creatures ingest the chemicals at all, the entire rest of the food web is affected by the chemicals as well. The toxins may not be as potent in higher levels of the chain, but it still spreads from organism to organism. For instance, a school of tuna fish might be exposed to the chemicals and later end up being caught and processed for retail. The rapidly rising anchors could also be a potential hazard for people in boats. If the reaction becomes out of control, then the anchor could fly out of the water and strike the people attempting to raise it. The anchor could also strike the hull of the boat and damage the vessel, perhaps leading to flooding or even sinking, depending on the size of the vessel. The levels of infrared radiation could gradually increase in the ocean since the anchor uses IR signals to trigger the reaction. This increase would harm the atmosphere more than it does the ocean. The ocean water evaporates, releasing excess heat and infrared energy, which is then absorbed by moist, tropical air. The wind then carries the air to a convergence zone where it falls as precipitation. The heat and IR energy is then released into the atmosphere. Rising IR levels in the atmosphere can contribute to the greenhouse effect. Another potential problem is the precipitate left over after the reaction takes place and the anchor begins its ascent. If the balloon that provides buoyancy for the anchor burst, then the sodium hydroxide would be released into the ocean. When sodium hydroxide comes into contact with water, it produces a massive amount of heat. The heat generated could damage the anchor or even render it useless. If it is close enough to the boat then it may damage the structure of the boat as well. Despite the possible problems that could rise to the surface, the Inflate-a-Weight could be quite convenient and cost effective for sailors. The float would be convenient and quick as opposed to the longer amounts of time it usually takes to haul an anchor from the bottom. Windlasses on smaller vessels are usually powered by electricity. If the Inflate-a-Weight anchor were used instead, then more power could be used for radios, navigation systems, or lights. The quick speed of the Inflate-a-Weight would also be useful for vessels in avoiding collisions. If a ship cannot stop in time to prevent a collision, then the anchored vessel could quickly raise their anchor and move out of the way. Small law enforcement craft and Coast Guard vessels would also find the anchor useful when trying to quickly raise their anchor in order to pursue suspects in boats or on small water craft like jet skis.

Homecoming AQA Coursework This poem is a puzzle for the reader - there :: English Literature

Homecoming AQA Coursework This poem is a puzzle for the reader - there are some things the poet has not told us. This poem is a puzzle for the reader - there are some things the poet has not told us, and without them, our reading of the poem relies on guesswork. This seems deliberate, as the first thing the poem invites us to do is to look at two things separately, then put them together. The poem is written mostly in the second person, addressed to â€Å"you†. This may at first seem to be the general reader, but later in the poem, Armitage writes â€Å"I† and â€Å"we† - and it seems that here he speaks to a particular individual. The context and other clues suggest this is a lover or friend (someone he meets â€Å"sixteen years† after the incident he describes in the second section of the poem). Perhaps he wants the reader not so see this as something that happened once to another person, but as something all of us can, and maybe should, do. The first stanza - after the opening line - is quite easy to follow. The poet invites us think of a trust game. (Teachers and students of drama may know this game. Readers of the poem will perhaps have played it, or something like it.) â€Å"Those in front† spread their arms wide, and â€Å"free fall† backwards, while those behind catch them and â€Å"take their weight†. The point of the game is for those in front, to overcome the instinct to bend their legs and fall safely. The â€Å"right† way to fall is only safe because there is someone to catch us. The second stanza is far more puzzling, but will be familiar to anyone who knows school cloakrooms. A yellow cotton jacket has come off its hook. On the â€Å"cloakroom floor† it is trampled on - â€Å"scuffed and blackened underfoot.† The sequel to this is that â€Å"back home†, a mother (presumably the mother of the child whose jacket this is) â€Å"puts two and two together† and gets the wrong answer (â€Å"makes a...fist of it† in the dialect phrase). We do not know what the right answer would be. One possible reading is that the mother blames the child for being careless and not checking that the jacket was hung on its hook. There is a further sequel - the child sneaks out of the house at midnight. She does not go far (â€Å"no further than the call-box at the corner of the street†). We do not know whom she rings, or what becomes of it.

Results And Discussion Respondents Profile Health And Social Care Essay

This subdivision reviews the personal and professional backgrounds of the respondents. Apart from their designated places, an LNC ‘s disposition towards certain nutrition and nutrition-related plans is partially established by their age ( the period from which their perceptual experience is based on ) , gender and length of service ( old ages of experience in the execution of plans ) in the authorities.Distribution of RespondentsThere were 31 respondents in entire ; 22.6 per centum came from barangay 1 and each 19.4 per centum represented the provincial, metropolis, municipality and barangay 2 degrees ( Table 1 ) . The expected respondents of the study were caputs of LNC ; nevertheless, few delegated their coordinators to finish the study. In some cases, the coordinators shared the same cognition and patterns as their caputs and sing how LGUs map, coordinators were important places.Table 1. Distribution of RespondentsDegreeFrequencyPercentageProvincial6 19.4City6 19.4Municipality6 19.4Barangay 1 ( City )7 22.6Barangay 2 ( Municipality )6 19.4AgeThe age of LNC ranges from 25 to 65 old ages old. Almost 39 per centum belong to age bracket of 46 to 55 ; about 10 per centum belong to the lowest age bracket of 25 to 35 ; and about 26 per centum came from both 36 to 45 and 56 to 65 age brackets. The youngest respondents were officers from the Department of Interior and Local Government and Department of Education ( 29 old ages old ) and the oldest was a Barangay Nutrition Scholar ( 64 old ages old ) .GenderOf the entire respondents, 87.1 per centum were female while 12.9 per centum were male.Educational AttainmentOut of 31 respondents, more than half ( 51.6 % ) were college alumnuss, around 23 per centum were post-graduates, about 13 per centum were vocational, about 7 per centum were high school alumnuss and 3 per centum were both high school and college undergraduates.Current Position/OfficeAt the provincial, metropolis and municipal degrees, respondents from the Nutrition, Health, Agriculture, Social Welfare and Developm ent, and Planning and Development bureaus comprised about 50 per centum of the population while the staying per centum came from the offices of Interior and Local Government ( 3.2 % ) and Education ( 6.5 % ) . The barangay degree was composed of Barangay Nutrition Scholars ( 6.5 % ) , Rural Health Midwife ( 3.2 % ) , Barangay Health Workers ( 5.0 % ) , Municipal Health Nurse ( 3.2 % ) , Day Care Center Worker ( 3.2 % ) , Kagawad on Health ( 6.5 % ) , and Kagawad on Agriculture ( 3.2 % ) .Length of TenureIn footings of old ages in service, a one-fourth ( 25.8 % ) of the entire respondents has been in office for less than five old ages and a 3rd ( 32.3 % ) have been in office for 10 old ages or less. Majority of the respondents ( 42 % ) have been in office for at least 11 old ages. The longest functioning officer interviewed was a Department of Education Nutrition Head who has been in the office for about 40 old ages.Table 2. Respondents ProfileFeatureFrequencyPercentageAge ( old ages )25 to 35 3 9.7 36 t0 45 8 25.8 46 to 55 12 38.7 56 to 65 8 25.8GenderMale 4 12.9 Female 27 87.1Educational AttainmentHigh School Undergraduate 1 3.2 High School Graduate 2 6.5 College Undergraduate 1 3.2 College Graduate 16 51.6 Vocational 4 12.9 Post-Graduate 7 22.6Current Position/OfficeNutrition 3 9.7 Health 3 9.7 Agribusiness 3 9.7 Education 2 6.5 Social Welfare and Development 3 9.7 Planing and Development 3 9.7 Interior and Local Government 1 3.2 Barangay Nutrition Scholar 2 6.5 Barangay Health Worker 5 16.1 Rural Health Midwife 1 3.2 Municipal Health Nurse 1 3.2 Day Care Center Worker 1 3.2 Kagawad on Health 2 6.5 Kagawad on Agriculture 1 3.2Old ages in Service ( old ages )1 to 5 8 25.8 6 to 10 10 32.3 11 to 15 7 22.6 16 to 20 3 9.7 21 and above 3 9.7Monitoring and Evaluation Systems in LagunaThis subdivision tackles the general and specific cognition and patterns of LNC in the M and E of nutrition plans. Respondents who merely conduct M and E were expected to reply the undermentioned set of inquiries about current M and E tools and patterns. Otherwise, they were asked to continue to the following portion of the questionnaire. Respondents were asked of how they understand M and E or how would they specify the footings. This subdivision besides reviews the data/results of M and E ; the flow of data/results, how it was submitted and used in planning, redesigning and footing for assessment if aims were achieved or non achieved.The Existing Monitoring and Evaluation SystemsIn the overall direction of nutrition and nutrition-related services, the Local Government Units ( LGUs ) , i.e. from the national degree the maps of NNC are performed to the local degree through the Local Nutrition Committees ( LNCs ) down to the barangay degre e. In the state, city/municipality and barangay, LNCs are commissioned for planning, implementing, monitoring, measuring and organizing the local programs of action for nutrition ( NNC, 2009 ) . Tables 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 present the M and E patterns of the LNC for the provincial, metropolis, municipal, barangay 1 and barangay 2 degrees, severally. Some of the monitoring and rating tools used were the followers: Monitoring and Evaluation of Local Level Plan Implementation ( MELLPI ) . MELLPI is conducted yearly by the Regional Evaluation Team ( RET ) from March to April â€Å" to supervise and formalize the efficiency and effectivity of the nutrition and nutrition related activities implemented at the local degree † ( NNC, 2012 ) . MELLPI guidelines present a on the job paper for field implementers in carry oning the activity. This set of guidelines is used by PPAN implementers in carry oning the MELLPI at the national, regional, provincial, metropolis and municipal degrees. The MELLPI purposes to 1 ) Assess the efficiency of local degree execution ; 2 ) Measure alterations in weight position of preschool and school kids during the rating twelvemonth and the immediate past two old ages ; 3 ) Determine the extent to which nutrition is integrated into local development programs and plans ; and 4 ) Advocate for the go oning support for local nutrition plans ( NNC, 2012 ) . National Nutrition Survey ( NNS ) . NNS is a population-based study that assesses nutritionary position of nutritionally at-risk groups. The study updates the official statistics on nutrient, nutrition and wellness state of affairs in the Philippines and subsequently guides the preparation of nutrient and nutrition policies every bit good as intercession and related development plans. Furthermore, the study provides national and sub-national prevalence of malnutrition and proctor alterations in the nutrition state of affairs. ( FNRI, 2011 ) . Field Health Service Information System ( FHSIS ) . The FHSIS purposes to 1 ) provide drumhead informations on wellness service bringing and selected plan achievement indexs at the barangay, municipality/city, territory, provincial, regional, and national degrees ; 2 ) provide informations which, when combined with informations from other beginnings, can be used for plan monitoring and rating purposed ; 3 ) supply a criterion, facility-level database which can be accessed for more in-depths surveies ; 4 ) guarantee that the information reported are utile and accurate and are disseminated in a timely and easy manner ; and 5 ) minimise the load of entering and describing at the service bringing degree in order to let more clip for patient attention and promotive activites ( Sta. Maria, 1993 ) . Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey ( MICS ) . The MICS is a world-wide family study attempt to assist states in make fulling informations spreads for â€Å" monitoring human development in general and the state of affairs of kids and adult females in peculiar † ( UNICEF, 2012 ) . The MICS generated statistically dependable, globally comparable estimations of societal indexs which are needed â€Å" for supervising the ends and marks of the Millennium Declaration, the World Fit for Children Declaration and Plan of Action, the ends of the United Nations General Assembly Special Session on HIV/AIDS ( UNICEF, 2012 ) . Initially, MICS was designed to the international established set of ends that materialized from the 1990 World Summit for Children. Afterwhich, it has been implemented every five old ages since 1995 ( UNICEF, 2005 ) . Barangay Nutrition Action Plan. Formulation of nutrition action programmes has been an institutionalised activity of local nutrition commissions. The nutrition action program serves as the cardinal papers and footing for the integrating of nutrition considerations into the local development programs. It besides serves as the working papers and usher for field implementers and for monitoring and rating. The planning activity is initiated by the Municipal Mayor as Chairman of the MNC, while the municipal nutrition action officer coordinates the activity. Other M and E Tools. Based from the study, nutrition plans were besides assessed utilizing growing chart, single intervention records ( ITS ) , monthly achievement study ( MAR ) , narrative study, guidelines, mark sheet, logbook and pie chart ; during audience, behavior of personal interview, and family visits.Frequency of M and E of Nutrition and Nutrition-related ProgramsThe LNC indicated the frequence of M and E of nutrition and nutrition-related plans. It was categorized as monthly, quarterly and yearly. Others included ex-ante M and E, â€Å" as needed † and â€Å" non applicable † depending on the sorts of plan being implemented ; some marked the day of the month and clip of M and E.Nutritional IndexsNutrition and nutrition-related indexs were besides determined to measure the impact of plans. Nutritional indexs could be used to see the demand for other informations that can be really different from the premises for research, for patient direction, for doing publi c policy or for planning or measuring plans ( Habicht and Pelletier, 1999 ) .Nutrition and Nutrition-related ProgramsThe LNC managed and assessed several nutrition and nutrition-related plans such as distribution of 1 ) Oral Rehydration Solution and 2 ) Oregon and Zn supplementation to babies and immature kids with diarrhoea, 3 ) auxiliary eating provided to undernourish kids, constitution of gardens and raising of little animate beings through 4 ) home/community nutrient production, 5 ) nutrition instruction in school course of study, nutrition guidance, and multi-media run, distribution of seed to school kids in 6 ) school nutrient production plan and the assessment of the 7 ) Philippine Plan of Action for Nutriton..Monitoring and Evaluation Systems in the Provincial LevelAs defined by LNCs at the provincial degree, monitoring is an organized process of roll uping, regular checking of plan execution and construing information about a plan of activities ; appraisals may besides be done during monitoring. Besides, it is a tool to look into whether the trade goods reach the donees ; a supervising to guarantee that activities in advancement are on class and on agenda in run intoing the aims and public presentation marks. On the other manus, rating is looking at results-based on the effectivity and efficiency of the undertaking accomplishments based on the set aims ; measuring the impact of a plan. Evaluation besides involves measuring the strengths and failings of plans, policies, forces, merchandises and organisations to better their effectivity. Furthermore, it is a systematic assessment of the success of a plan, the opinion about whether a plan is successful or non reached by comparing the mark specified in the aim with the alterations that the plan really achieves. At the provincial degree, there were four nutrition plans being monitored and evaluated including auxiliary eating, home/community nutrient production, nutrition instruction and school nutrient production ( Table 3 ) . Auxiliary Feeding. Supplementary eating was assessed by Nutrition, Education and Planning and Development offices. Monitoring tools used were growing chart, single intervention records ( ITR ) , barangay nutrition action program ( BNAP ) , and monthly achievement studies ( MAR ) . Using weight of kids as an index, auxiliary eating was monitored indiscriminately every month, every one-fourth and every twelvemonth. On the other manus, the national nutrition study ( NNS ) , supervising and rating of local degree program execution ( MELLPI ) , accomplishment study and pie chart were used to measure the plan and weight addition as an index. The plan was monitored monthly, quarterly and yearly. Home/Community Food Production. Home/community nutrient production was managed by Nutrition and Agriculture offices. Individual intervention record, BNAP, MAR and MELLPI were used to supervise the plan monthly, quarterly and yearly ; while, the NNS, multiple index bunch study ( MICS ) , MELLPI and MAR were used to measure the plan quarterly and yearly, dated from the month of March to May. Nutrition Education. Nutrition instruction was accomplished by Planing and Development and Nutrition offices utilizing growing chart, BNAP and MAR. The plan was monitored monthly, quarterly and yearly. Whereas, it was evaluated quarterly and yearly utilizing the NNS, MELLPI and MAR. School Food Production. The direction of school nutrient production was supervised by Nutrition and Planning and Development offices. The plan was monitored and evaluated monthly, quarterly and yearly. Barangay Nutriton Action Plan and MAR were used for supervising while NNS, MELLPI and MAR for rating. The consequences gathered from monitoring and rating will be fed back to the municipalities ; augmentation activities for every barangay nutrition plan will be created. Reports made by Education officer were submitted to the cardinal office. The consequences of the other offices were forwarded to the Regional Evaluation Team and served as footing for the continuity of the plan or for happening other schemes. All informations collected from the provincial office were accomplished in signifiers and submitted personally or through facsimile to the regional office and so to the national office. The consequences obtained from the rating will be used in planning, in redesigning and footing for public presentation assessment if aims were achieved or non. In planning, the consequences were presented and be the footing for what should be improved. The consequences were used as footing for seting up extra financess for the continuity of the bing plan ; otherwise, for happening other schemes in instance the plan failed.Table 3. Monitoring and rating systems in the provincial degreeNutrition PlansMonitoring ToolsINitrogenCalciferolICAThymineOxygenRoentgenSecondFrequency of MonitoringDate/Time of MEvaluation ToolsINitrogenCalciferolICAThymineOxygenRoentgenSecondFrequency of EvaluationDate/Timeof EGigahertzIThymineRoentgenBacillusNitrogenAPhosphorusMeterARoentgenMeterTocopherolLiterLiterPhosphorusIMomentQtANitrogenNitrogenSecondMeterICSecondMeterTocopherolLiterLiterPhosphorusIMeterARoentgenPieChartMomentQtAAuxiliary Eatinga?„a?„a?„a?„Wt of chidrena?„a?â €ža?„Randoma?„a?„a?„a?„Wt additiona?„a?„a?„Everyday Home/Community Food Productiona?„a?„a?„a?„a?„a?„a?„a?„a?„a?„a?„a?„a?„March-May Nutrition Educationa?„a?„a?„a?„a?„a?„a?„a?„a?„a?„a?„School Food Productiona?„a?„a?„a?„a?„a?„a?„a?„a?„a?„Monitoring and Evaluation Systems in the City LevelThe LNC in the metropolis degree defined monitoring as a uninterrupted map that uses the systematic aggregation of informations on specified indexs to supply direction and the chief stakeholders of an on-going development intercession with indicants of the extent of advancement and accomplishment of aims and advancement in the usage of allocated financess. Evaluation, on the other manus, is the systematic and nonsubjective appraisal of an ongoing or completed undertaking, plan or policy including its design, execution and consequences ; results of the plan are used as footing for giving recommendations. Table 4 shows the nutrition and nutrition-related plans being implemented. Auxiliary Feeding. Program for targeted malnourished kids peculiarly auxiliary eating was organized by Nutrition office. The plan was monitored and evaluated monthly utilizing growing chart and narrative study, severally. Home/Community Food Production. Home/community nutrient production was implemented by Nutrition and Agriculture offices. Monthly and ex-ante monitoring and rating was used for the plan utilizing MAR and an existent interview of donees, and based on the guidelines, severally. The version of organic agriculture was used as the index for monitoring and rating. Nutrition Education and School Food Production. Nutrition instruction and school nutrient production was assessed by Nutrition office. Using narrative studies, the plan was monitored and evaluated quarterly. Filipino Plan of Action for Nutrition ( PPAN ) . The PPAN was monitored and evaluated by the Department of Education utilizing MELLPI. It was assessed yearly and as the demand arises. The consequences of the rating were collected by the judges and submitted personally or through facsimile to NNC regional office so to NNC cardinal office. In planning, the consequences of the plans were used to measure if there will be continuity or non.Table 4. Monitoring and rating systems in the metropolis degreeNutrition PlansMonitoring ToolsINitrogenCalciferolICAThymineOxygenRoentgenSecondFrequency of MonitoringDate/Timeof MEvaluation ToolINitrogenCalciferolICAThymineOxygenRoentgenSecondFrequency of EvaluationDate/Time of EGramCMeterARoentgenINitrogenThymineTocopherolRoentgenVoltITocopherolTungstenNitrogenRoentgenMeterTocopherolLiterLiterPhosphorusIMeterOQtAEx-ANitrogenThymineTocopherolASecondNitrogenTocopherolTocopherolCalciferolTocopherolvitamin DNitrogenRoentgenGramUracilICalciferolTocopherolLiterINitrogenTocopherolSecondMeterTocopherolLiterLiterPhosphorusIMeterOQtAEx-ANitrogenThymineTocopherolAsneededAuxiliary Eatinga?„a?„a?„a?„a?„Home/Communit y Food Productiona?„a?„Adaptation of organic agriculturea?„a?„During the implemen-tationa?„a?„During the implemen-tation Nutrition Educationa?„a?„a?„a?„School Food Productiona?„a?„a?„a?„PPANa?„a?„a?„a?„a?„a?„Monitoring and Evaluation Systems in the Municipal LevelMonitoring is the regular checking of development or advancement of certain activity ; supplying information about the undertaking and measuring the advancement of plan or undertaking over clip. Furthermore, monitoring is supervising the undertaking, whether it was implemented harmonizing to guidelines and seeing to it that undertaking continues. As per DILG, the accelerator for excellence in local administration, they monitor the per centum of execution of plan and undertakings of different sections based on marks met and the quality of execution. Meanwhile, rating was defined as the procedure of finding the value or worth of a plan ; a more thorough appraisal or scrutiny of undertakings or plan at a specific point in clip looking into the impact of effectivit y of the undertaking. It is besides a plan activity designed to obtain nonsubjective information about the plan and to find the value of the undertaking whether successful or non. Evaluation for the DILG officers, they base the consequences of rating on the per centums and quality of execution of plans and undertakings. Table 5 presents the nutrition and nutrition-related plans being implemented in the municipal degree. ORS and ORS and Zinc Supplementation. ORS, and ORS and zinc supplementation was quarterly monitored and evaluated utilizing Field Health Service Information System ( FHSIS ) and narrative studies from the barangays. The plan was managed by the Municipal Health Office. Auxiliary Feeding. Supplementary eating was monitored and evaluated quarterly and yearly during December and January of the undermentioned twelvemonth utilizing growing chart and narrative study. Offices included in the execution were Nutrition, Interior and Local Government, Planning and Development and Social Welfare and Development offices. Decreased in the figure of malnourished kids was used as an index. Home/Community Food Production. Home/community nutrient production was assessed by Health, Agriculture and Interior and Local Government offices. The plan was monitored monthly ( from January to December ) utilizing ITR and narrative study and evaluated quarterly ( every crop ) utilizing narrative study and mark sheets. The standards intended for the plan were applied as an index. Nutrition Education. Nutrition instruction was monitored yearly and evaluated quarterly by Nutrition and DILG, using narrative study. Besides, school nutrient production was monitored and evaluated yearly by Nutrition office and DILG, doing usage of narrative study. The studies were in narrative signifier. Datas were collected from the barangay through the BNS and submitted to MNAO. Afterwards, submitted to the LCE and other officer concerned through electronic mail or facsimile. Datas were besides given to NGOs, church based establishments as requested. The consequences were used for budgeting intents and aiming of prioritize sector or barangay for the undertaking to turn to their demands.Table 5. Monitoring and rating systems in the municipal degreeNutrition PlansMonitoring ToolIndexsFrequency of MonitoringDate/Time of MIndexsFrequency of EvaluationDate/Time of EFHydrogenSecondISecondGramCIThymineRoentgenNitrogenRoentgenMomentQtANitrogenRoentgenSecondCOxygenRoentgenTocopherolSecondHydrogenTocopherolTocopherolThymineMomentQtAOregona?„a?„a?„a?„ORS and Zinc Supplementationa?„a?„a?„a?„Auxiliary Eatinga?„a?„Decreased in figure of malnourished kidsa?„a?„Dec and Jan of the underm entioned twelvemontha?„a?„Dec and Jan of the undermentioned twelvemonth Home/Community Food Productiona?„a?„a?„January to Decembera?„a?„Standardsa?„Every crop Nutrition Educationa?„a?„a?„a?„School Food Productiona?„a?„a?„a?„Monitoring and Evaluation Systems in Barangay 1 LevelMonitoring was defined as usage of growing monitoring such as weighing graduated table and height board ; a frequent trial, check-up and appraisal of patients. Evaluation, on the other manus, is look intoing if ends and aims were met or non ; detecting and measuring if the intercession made was effectual or non. Table 6 shows the nutrition and nutrition-related plans managed at the barangay 1. ORS and ORS and Zinc Supplementation. The distribution of ORS and ORS and zinc supplementation among patients with diarrhoeas were assessed by rural wellness accoucheuse. The instances of diarrhoea among kids were monitored upon audience to the wellness officer ; evaluated through the usage of logbook. Name callings of kids who obtained ORS and ORS and Zn addendums were written down in the logbook for rating intents. The plan has an impact if kids have improved their wellness position. However, deficiency of supplies gives the rural wellness accoucheuse a determination to urge the patients to see the nearby infirmary for farther check-up. Auxiliary Feeding. Headed by the BNS and supported by the rural wellness accoucheuse, auxiliary eating was monitored quarterly ( July, August and September ) and evaluated monthly ( July, August and September ) utilizing growing chart and monthly achievement study, severally. The increased weight of kids verified that the plan was successful. Nutrition Education. Nutrition instruction was monitored and evaluated by the BNS. A narrative study was used as a tool for quarterly monitoring and during the execution, the plan was evaluated. The results/data collected in the ORS and ORS and zinc supplementation were put in black and white paper. No farther ratings and suggestions were provided. On the other manus, the consequences of other nutrition plans were personally submitted to the City Nutrition Action Office through narrative studies. If plans reached the mark objectives with proper allotment of financess, they will be continued or else better the planning of plans.Table 6. Monitoring and rating systems in barangay 1 degreeNutrition PlansMonitoring ToolIndexsFrequency of MonitoringDate/Time ofMeterEvaluation ToolIndexsFrequency of EvaluationDate/Time ofTocopherolCOxygenNitrogenSecondUracilLiterThymineAThymineIOxygenNitrogenGramCNitrogenRoentgenMomentQtAN/ALiterOxygenGramBacillusOxygenOxygenKMeterARoentgenNitrogenRoentgenMomentQtAN/AOregona?„Improved wellness positiona?„Upon Check-upa?„Improved wellness positiona?„Upon Consultation ORS and Zinc Supplementationa?„Improved wellness positiona?„Upon Check-upa?„Improved wellness positiona?„Upon Consultation Auxiliary Eatinga?„Increased wta?„July, August and Septembera?„Increased wta?„July, August and September Nutrition Educationa?„Improved cognitiona?„During tne executiona?„Improved cognitiona?„During the executionMonitoring and Evaluation Systems in Barangay 2 LevelAs defined by LNC in the barangay 2 degree, monitoring is the look intoing the demands of a plan. It was besides defined as deliberation of kids either under or overnourished and numbering the entire figure of mark donees. Evaluation is the look intoing if plans are decently implemented, with proper budget allotment and checking if the plan has improved or non. Table 7 shows the nutrition and nutrition-related plans assessed in the barangay 2 degree. ORS and ORS Zinc Supplementation. The behavior of ORS and ORS zinc supplementation was monitored and evaluated by the municipal wellness nurse. The diarrhoea instances were determined and monitored quarterly upon audience in the centre and the consequences from FHSIS. The plans were evaluated quarterly in a narrative study for rating. Auxiliary Feeding. The BNS, assisted by the Kagawad on Health, conduct the execution of auxiliary eating among malnourished kids. The plan was monitored monthly ( July, August and September ) utilizing growing chart and evaluated monthly in a narrative study and through family visits. The indexs that the plan has achieved its aims were improved weight, weight-for-height and weight-for-age. Home/Community Food Production. The home/community nutrient production plan was managed by the BNS, Kagawad on Health and Kagawad on Agriculture. The plan was monitored and evaluated hebdomadal utilizing narrative study and by family visits. The figure of produced harvests suggested the impact of the plan. Nutrition Education. Nutrition instruction was spearheaded by the BNS. The attending of the donees was used as the monitoring tool of the plan ; carried out every 3rd hebdomad of the month. The plan was evaluated every 3rd hebdomad of the month, completed through a narrative study. An improved weight indicates the achievement of the plan. School Food Production. The school nutrient production plan was initiated by the BNS. The plan was monitored hebdomadally in a narrative study and by agencies of family visits. The plan was evaluated hebdomadally in a narrative study. The index determined was the figure of harvests produced. The consequences of the ORS and ORS and zinc supplementation plan were personally submitted to the provincial office. Sometimes, these were faxed for easier transportation of informations. The consequences of other nutrition plans were documented by the Councilors and maintain for farther mentions. However, the BNS personally submitted the consequences to the municipal nutrition action office with the needed signifiers. The rating of the plan determined if it should be retained, otherwise change the plan.Table 7. Monitoring and rating systems in barangay 2 degreeNutrition PlansMonitoring ToolIndexsFrequency of MonitoringDate/Time ofMeterEvaluation ToolIndexsFrequency of EvaluationDate/Time ofTocopherolCOxygenNitrogenSecondUracilLiterThymineAThymineIOxygenNitrogenGramCNitrogenRoentgenHHVoltISecondIThymineAThymineThymineTocopherolNitrogenCalciferolANitrogenCTocopherolFHSISMomentQtAWklyNitrogenRoentgenHHVoltISecondIThymineMomentQtAWklyOregona?„a?„a?„Upon Consultationa? „a?„Upon Consultation ORS and Zinc Supplementationa?„a?„Upon Consultationa?„a?„Upon Consultation Auxiliary Eatinga?„Improved wt ; wt-for-ht ; wt-for-agea?„July, Aug, Septa?„a?„Improved wta?„July, Aug, Sept Home/Community Food Productiona?„a?„Number of harvests produceda?„Weeklya?„a?„Number of harvestsa?„Weekly Nutrition Educationa?„Improved wta?„3rd hebdomada?„Improved wta?„3rd hebdomad School Food Productiona?„a?„Number of harvests produceda?„Weeklya?„Number of harvestsa?„WeeklyKnowledge of Local Nutrition Committees in RBMEThis subdivision is an appraisal of the respondents ‘ cognition in results-based M and E. This subdivision determines the figure of LNC members who were cognizant of the basic information about the results-based direction attack ( Table 8 ) . A series of statements were provided to determine the basic constructs they acquainted ( Table 9 ) . From the entire respondents, a 3rd ( 33.3 % ) of respondents from both the provincial and municipal degrees and about 17 per centum from barangay 2 had acquired primary cognition about the results-based M and E.Table 8. Frequency of LNC with cognition in results-based M and EDegreeFrequencyPercentageProvincial2 33.3City0 0Municipal2 33.3Barangay 10 0Barangay 21 16.67 From the entire figure of respondents which had comprehension on results-based direction attack, all ( 100 % ) were familiar with the constructs such as: 1 ) combination of results and impacts appraisal, 2 ) a helpful attack to supervise and measure undertaking, plan and policy at all degrees, 3 ) can be performed at local, regional, and national degrees of authorities, 4 ) a beginning of cognition capital, 5 ) an aid in advancing greater transparence and answerability of stakeholders, 6 ) usage of indexs to place the results of undertakings, 7 ) informations aggregation on end products contributes towards attainment of results, 8 ) demands the stakeholders to plan and keep an organisational construction focused on consequences, 9 ) provides a qualitative and quantitative informations of results, 10 ) completed with strategic spouses, and ) records information of both success and failure.Table 9. Number of LNC with cognition in results-based monitoring and rating at different degrees StatementsProvincialMunicipalityBarangay 2FrequencyResults-based monitoring and rating combines with appraisal of results and impacts and allows organisation to modify and alter execution procedures. 2/2 2/2 1/1 Results-based monitoring and rating systems have been successfully designed and used to supervise and measure at all degrees – undertaking, plan, and policy. 2/2 2/2 1/1 Results-based monitoring and rating can be conducted at local, regional, and national degrees of authorities. 2/2 2/2 1/1 Results-based monitoring and rating systems are a beginning of cognition capital that enable authoritiess and organisations to develop a cognition base of the types of undertakings, plans, and policies that are successful, and more by and large, what works, what does non, and why. 2/2 2/2 1/1 Results-based monitoring and rating systems can help in advancing greater transparence and answerability within organisations and authoritiess. 2/2 2/2 1/1 Indexs for results-based monitoring and rating are used to find the results of undertakings. 2/2 2/2 1/1 The informations aggregation on end products ( e.g. increased entree to ORS and zinc supplementation ) contributes toward accomplishment of results ( e.g. improved used of ORS and zinc supplementation ) . 2/2 2/2 1/1 Results-based monitoring and rating requires the organisation to make and prolong an organisational construction focused on consequences. 2/2 2/2 1/1 A systematic coverage with more qualitative and quantitative information on the betterment toward results. 2/2 2/2 1/1 Results-based monitoring and rating is done in partnership with strategic spouses. 2/2 2/2 1/1 Results-based monitoring and rating records information of both success and failure schemes in accomplishing desired results ( consequences ) . 2/2 2/2 1/1Strengths and Restrictions of M and E Practices of LNCThis subdivision assesses the preparedness of LNC in the execution of results-based direction attack. The strengths and restrictions of M and E patterns of LNC influence their capacity to plan and implement a results-based direction. Readiness appraisal was categorized harmonizing to organisational system, human resources, fiscal resources, and engineering and technology-related installations. Statements refering to each class were composed to find the bureaus ‘ capacity to implement a new M and E system. The subdivision besides deals with the relevant inputs/resources and activities identified by the LNC, which are of import in the development and execution of results-based M and E system in Laguna. Table 10 shows the acceptableness of LNC members if results-based direction will be designed and executed in their country. In the metropolis degree, 50 per centum acknowledged RBM ; more than 65 per centum in the municipal degree and about 85 per centum in barangay 2 degree. However, less than 50 per centum recognized RBM in barangay 1 degree. The overall credence of results-based direction attack in the state of Laguna was about 70 per centum.Table 10. Perceived Acceptability of RBMEDegreeFrequencyPercentageProvincial5 71.43*City3 50Municipal4 66.67Barangay 13 42.86Barangay 25 83.33 * Weight instance = 1.167 ; to generalise the state of Laguna Harmonizing to LNC members, the execution of a results-based direction in Laguna demands appropriate inputs and resources including 1 ) fiscal resources, 2 ) office supply signifiers and equipment for anthropometric measurings, 3 ) proficient aid, and 4 ) human resources.Fiscal ResourcesSufficient fiscal resources are of import to accomplish the end of planing and implementing results-based M and E system ; and to guarantee a go oning support of the intended consequences. By and large, the organisation is responsible in geting new resources from stakeholders to continue an bing degree of fiscal support. Leaderships are apt for fiscal resources allocated to their offices. It is a responsibility for them to make effectual systems that will ease staff to maintain path of those resources ( Bruneau, 1994 ) .Technical Aidâ€Å" Technical aid strengthens the authorities ‘s ownership of reforms, particularly by heightening administration capablenesss † ( IMF, 2012 ) . Technical aid provides elaborate actions in the direction of plans. Results-based direction techniques must be adjunct by governmental regulations and processs to hold an influence on plan effectivity and better allow planning within bureaus ( Ortiz, et.al, 2004 ) .Human ResourcesHuman resource professionals have a cardinal function to play to assist organisation accomplish its aims ; influences many of the cardinal systems and concern procedures underpinning effectual bringing ; provide tools and models for the executing of the plan. Keepers of the fire when it comes to corporate civilization, squad edifice and alteration direction processes ( Strandberg, 2009 ) .Supply and EquipmentThis includes the office supply signifiers and equipment for anthropometric measurings. A well-managed stuff resource produces a better service, without blowing other resources like clip and money. Consequently, touchable stuffs should be really stored and distributed ( BMS, 2012 ) . The LNC marked out elaborate activities needed in the execution of results-based direction attack. Here are the undermentioned actions that must be addressed: 1 ) protagonism, 2 ) courtesy call, 3 ) orientation and preparation, 4 ) meeting with implementers and 5 ) information, instruction and communicating stuffs.AdvocacyA strong protagonism promotes success of nutrition plans. It aids to edify stakeholders about what works at the community ; keeps the force per unit area on for sustained plan support and support ( Kurosky, 2007 ) .Courtesy Call, Orientation and TrainingOrientation introduces the attack to the organisation and imparts with an overview of how it functions. The activity accustoms the organisation to go more productive and effectual. Orientation and preparation are relevant activities to reenforce the capacities of the organisation to be familiar and have a common apprehension on the nucleus rules and constructs of results-based direction ; and how the method can be em ployed in ( rhenium ) scheduling, monitoring and coverage. Orientation and preparations with theoretical presentations and exercisings will let interpreting theory into pattern when scheduling, monitoring and coverage ; therefore, can be tailored to the specific demands of the organisation ( UNDP, 2002 ) .Meeting with ImplementersThis assembly of persons is performed to leave new information and talk about pertinent issues and programs/projects. Meetings with implementers play a important function in the preparation of strategic alterations within organisations ( Jarzabkowski, 2002 ) .Information, Education and Communication ( IEC )IEC serves as vehicles for the community to better their engagement and the stakeholders to better understand their functions in the execution of a results-based direction. Information is a trade good to be protected and employed strategically ; a tool for answerability, transparence and ownership. Communication is how information obtains certain activiti es. When the attack is being implemented, the authorities must be likely to analyze the IEC constituent as chiefly a public dealingss enterprise. ( Chibwana and Mohan, 2001 ) .